Schinus molle

The sweet pepper tree is a small to medium-sized evergreen tree native to the tropical regions of South America. It typically reaches a height of 7-8 meters, although, under optimal conditions in its native habitat, it can grow up to 15 meters. However, such sizes are not commonly found in Israel. This impressive tree is considered a pioneer species in the country.

The trunk is light in color, tending to gray, and it peels in large strips, creating an interesting and attractive appearance. The foliage consists of delicate, small feathery leaves that are light green in winter and spring, darkening by the end of summer. While the tree’s flowering is not horticulturally significant, it produces clusters of tiny red fruits. These hard fruits emit a pungent aroma when crushed, and their striking red clusters against the delicate green foliage make for a spectacular display.

The sweet pepper tree thrives in all soil types in Israel, particularly in hot and dry areas, although it benefits from occasional summer watering. Due to its fast growth rate, it can be susceptible to branch breakage, so proper shaping and pruning are essential to allow the trunk to thicken and support its weeping form. Watering should be limited to the establishment period (1-2 years), after which it can be reduced or even stopped. Over-watering can lead to vigorous growth, increased susceptibility to breakage, and reduced tree longevity. This tree is considered water-efficient.

In recent years, the sweet pepper tree has been making a comeback in Israel, with many gardeners and planners incorporating it into both private and public gardens.

Interestingly, the fruits of this tree are sold as “pink pepper” for grinding and seasoning. It’s important to note that black and colored pepper come from entirely different species. In folk medicine, various parts of the tree have been used for medicinal purposes, including the production of antiseptics for wounds.

In the same family: Schinus terebinthifolius | Schinus molle