Eucalyptus deglupta

The Island Eucalyptus is a majestic tree that can reach heights of 70 to 80 meters (approximately 230 to 260 feet) in its native tropical rainforests of New Guinea, Indonesia, and the Philippines. This stunning species is renowned for its vibrant, multicolored bark, which showcases an array of hues including blue, purple, green, orange, and dark red. As the outer bark sheds seasonally, it reveals a fresh green layer beneath, which subsequently changes color based on the prevailing climatic conditions. This unique phenomenon creates a mosaic effect on the trunk, earning it the nickname “Rainbow Eucalyptus.”

In regions with warmer climates, such as Hawaii, southern Texas, Florida, and California, the Rainbow Eucalyptus thrives, captivating gardeners and landscapers with its striking appearance. While the tree can grow substantially in its ideal environment, in less optimal conditions, such as those found in Israel, it may reach approximately half its potential height.

The Island Eucalyptus features smooth, orange bark that peels away during the summer, exposing vibrant colors that can range from green and orange to rusty red, brown, purple, and blue. The interplay of these colors can be particularly vivid after rainfall, presenting an almost surreal appearance in some trees, while others may display softer, pastel shades.

This tree is also known for its rapid growth rate and small, white, nectar-rich flowers that attract honey bees. Additionally, the leaves contain volatile aromatic essential oils, often attributed to medicinal properties. However, it is important to note that eucalyptus leaves produce substances that inhibit germination, making it challenging for smaller plants to thrive in proximity.

To ensure the health and longevity of the Island Eucalyptus, proper care is crucial, particularly in establishing a strong structural framework during its formative years. As with any species, understanding the tree’s natural growth habits will help mitigate its tendency to break.

Research into the mechanisms behind the vibrant coloration of the Rainbow Eucalyptus is limited. However, studies by botanist Prof. David Lee from Florida International University suggest that the tree sheds its outer bark to accommodate rapid growth. The fresh bark is initially covered in a transparent layer that reveals chlorophyll, the green pigment essential for photosynthesis. As the bark matures, it becomes filled with tannins—natural compounds that protect the tree from bacterial and fungal infections. The interplay of chlorophyll and varying amounts of tannins results in the stunning array of colors, transitioning from light green to dark green, blue, purple, and finally to shades of pink, orange, red, and yellow before the shedding cycle begins anew.

In Israel, the oldest specimens of the Island Eucalyptus are approximately 10 to 15 years old, introduced by Nissim Pines. This remarkable tree not only adds beauty to landscapes but also serves as a fascinating example of nature’s artistry.

Additional trees from the same family: Corymbia torelliana | Eucalyptus (Corymbia) Picsifolia | Eucalyptus deglupta | Eucaliptus Camaldulensis | Corymbia citriodora